mom_bulk_mixed_layer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::bulkmixedlayer_cs integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_detrain id_clock_detrain =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_mech id_clock_mech =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_conv id_clock_conv =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_adjustment id_clock_adjustment =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_eos id_clock_eos =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_resort id_clock_resort =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init integer integer mom_bulk_mixed_layer::id_clock_pass id_clock_pass =0 CPU clock IDs. bulkmixedlayer bulkmixedlayer_init subroutine, public subroutine, public mom_bulk_mixed_layer::bulkmixedlayer (h_3d, u_3d, v_3d, tv, fluxes, dt, ea, eb, G, GV, US, CS, optics, Hml, aggregate_FW_forcing, dt_diag, last_call) bulkmixedlayer h_3d h_3d u_3d u_3d v_3d v_3d tv tv fluxes fluxes dt dt ea ea eb eb G G GV GV US US CS CS optics optics Hml Hml aggregate_FW_forcing aggregate_FW_forcing dt_diag dt_diag last_call last_call This subroutine partially steps the bulk mixed layer model. The following processes are executed, in the order listed. Undergo convective adjustment into mixed layer. Apply surface heating and cooling. Starting from the top, entrain whatever fluid the TKE budget permits. Penetrating shortwave radiation is also applied at this point. If there is any unentrained fluid that was formerly in the mixed layer, detrain this fluid into the buffer layer. This is equivalent to the mixed layer detraining to the Monin- Obukhov depth. Divide the fluid in the mixed layer evenly into CSnkml pieces. Split the buffer layer if appropriate. Layers 1 to nkml are the mixed layer, nkml+1 to nkml+nkbl are the buffer layers. The results of this subroutine are mathematically identical if there are multiple pieces of the mixed layer with the same density or if there is just a single layer. There is no stability limit on the time step. The key parameters for the mixed layer are found in the control structure. These include mstar, nstar, nstar2, pen_SW_frac, pen_SW_scale, and TKE_decay. For the Oberhuber (1993) mixed layer, the values of these are: pen_SW_frac = 0.42, pen_SW_scale = 15.0 m, mstar = 1.25, nstar = 1, TKE_decay = 2.5, conv_decay = 0.5 TKE_decay is 1/kappa in eq. 28 of Oberhuber (1993), while conv_decay is 1/mu. Conv_decay has been eliminated in favor of the well-calibrated form for the efficiency of penetrating convection from Wang (2003). For a traditional Kraus-Turner mixed layer, the values are: pen_SW_frac = 0.0, pen_SW_scale = 0.0 m, mstar = 1.25, nstar = 0.4, TKE_decay = 0.0, conv_decay = 0.0 g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. us A dimensional unit scaling type h_3d Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. u_3d Zonal velocities interpolated to h points v_3d Zonal velocities interpolated to h points tv A structure containing pointers to any available thermodynamic fields. Absent fields have NULL ptrs. fluxes A structure containing pointers to any possible forcing fields. Unused fields have NULL ptrs. dt Time increment [T ~> s]. ea The amount of fluid moved downward into a eb The amount of fluid moved upward into a cs The control structure returned by a previous call to mixedlayer_init. optics The structure containing the inverse of the vertical absorption decay scale for penetrating shortwave radiation [m-1]. hml Active mixed layer depth [Z ~> m]. aggregate_fw_forcing If true, the net incoming and outgoing surface freshwater fluxes are combined before being applied, instead of being applied separately. dt_diag The diagnostic time step, which may be less than dt if there are two callse to mixedlayer [T ~> s]. last_call if true, this is the last call to mixedlayer in the current time step, so diagnostics will be written. The default is .true. mom_opacity::absorbremainingsw convective_adjustment mom_diag_mediator::diag_update_remap_grids mom_domains::do_group_pass mom_eos::eos_domain mom_opacity::extract_optics_slice mom_forcing_type::extractfluxes1d find_starting_tke id_clock_adjustment id_clock_conv id_clock_detrain id_clock_eos id_clock_mech id_clock_pass id_clock_resort mechanical_entrainment mixedlayer_convection mixedlayer_detrain_1 mixedlayer_detrain_2 mom_error_handler::mom_error resort_ml sort_ml mom_diabatic_driver::layered_diabatic subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::convective_adjustment (h, u, v, R0, Rcv, T, S, eps, d_eb, dKE_CA, cTKE, j, G, GV, US, CS, nz_conv) convective_adjustment h h u u v v R0 R0 Rcv Rcv T T S S eps eps d_eb d_eb dKE_CA dKE_CA cTKE cTKE j j G G GV GV US US CS CS nz_conv nz_conv This subroutine does instantaneous convective entrainment into the buffer layers and mixed layers to remove hydrostatic instabilities. Any water that is lighter than currently in the mixed- or buffer- layer is entrained. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. The units of h are referred to as H below. u Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. v Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. t Layer temperatures [degC]. s Layer salinities [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to surface pressure [R ~> kg m-3]. rcv The coordinate defining potential density [R ~> kg m-3]. d_eb The downward increase across a layer in the entrainment from below [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive values go with mass gain by a layer. eps The negligibly small amount of water that will be left in each layer [H ~> m or kg m-2]. dke_ca The vertically integrated change in kinetic energy due to convective adjustment [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. ctke The buoyant turbulent kinetic energy source due to convective adjustment [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. j The j-index to work on. us A dimensional unit scaling type cs The control structure for this module. nz_conv If present, the number of layers over which to do convective adjustment (perhaps CSnkml). bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::mixedlayer_convection (h, d_eb, htot, Ttot, Stot, uhtot, vhtot, R0_tot, Rcv_tot, u, v, T, S, R0, Rcv, eps, dR0_dT, dRcv_dT, dR0_dS, dRcv_dS, netMassInOut, netMassOut, Net_heat, Net_salt, nsw, Pen_SW_bnd, opacity_band, Conv_En, dKE_FC, j, ksort, G, GV, US, CS, tv, fluxes, dt, aggregate_FW_forcing) mixedlayer_convection h h d_eb d_eb htot htot Ttot Ttot Stot Stot uhtot uhtot vhtot vhtot R0_tot R0_tot Rcv_tot Rcv_tot u u v v T T S S R0 R0 Rcv Rcv eps eps dR0_dT dR0_dT dRcv_dT dRcv_dT dR0_dS dR0_dS dRcv_dS dRcv_dS netMassInOut netMassInOut netMassOut netMassOut Net_heat Net_heat Net_salt Net_salt nsw nsw Pen_SW_bnd Pen_SW_bnd opacity_band opacity_band Conv_En Conv_En dKE_FC dKE_FC j j ksort ksort G G GV GV US US CS CS tv tv fluxes fluxes dt dt aggregate_FW_forcing aggregate_FW_forcing This subroutine causes the mixed layer to entrain to the depth of free convection. The depth of free convection is the shallowest depth at which the fluid is denser than the average of the fluid above. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. d_eb The downward increase across a layer in the htot The accumulated mixed layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. ttot The depth integrated mixed layer temperature [degC H ~> degC m or degC kg m-2]. stot The depth integrated mixed layer salinity [ppt H ~> ppt m or ppt kg m-2]. uhtot The depth integrated mixed layer zonal velocity [H L T-1 ~> m2 s-1 or kg m-1 s-1]. vhtot The integrated mixed layer meridional velocity [H L T-1 ~> m2 s-1 or kg m-1 s-1]. r0_tot The integrated mixed layer potential density referenced to 0 pressure [H R ~> kg m-2 or kg2 m-5]. rcv_tot The integrated mixed layer coordinate variable potential density [H R ~> kg m-2 or kg2 m-5]. u Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. v Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. t Layer temperatures [degC]. s Layer salinities [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to rcv The coordinate defining potential eps The negligibly small amount of water dr0_dt The partial derivative of R0 with respect to temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. drcv_dt The partial derivative of Rcv with respect to temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. dr0_ds The partial derivative of R0 with respect to salinity [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. drcv_ds The partial derivative of Rcv with respect to salinity [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. netmassinout The net mass flux (if non-Boussinesq) or volume flux (if Boussinesq) into the ocean within a time step [H ~> m or kg m-2]. (I.e. P+R-E.) netmassout The mass or volume flux out of the ocean within a time step [H ~> m or kg m-2]. net_heat The net heating at the surface over a time step [degC H ~> degC m or degC kg m-2]. Any penetrating shortwave radiation is not included in Net_heat. net_salt The net surface salt flux into the ocean over a time step [ppt H ~> ppt m or ppt kg m-2]. nsw The number of bands of penetrating shortwave radiation. pen_sw_bnd The penetrating shortwave heating at the sea surface in each penetrating band [degC H ~> degC m or degC kg m-2]. opacity_band The opacity in each band of penetrating shortwave radiation [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1]. conv_en The buoyant turbulent kinetic energy source due to free convection [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. dke_fc The vertically integrated change in kinetic energy due to free convection [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. j The j-index to work on. ksort The density-sorted k-indices. us A dimensional unit scaling type cs The control structure for this module. tv A structure containing pointers to any available thermodynamic fields. Absent fields have NULL ptrs. fluxes A structure containing pointers to any possible forcing fields. Unused fields have NULL ptrs. dt Time increment [T ~> s]. aggregate_fw_forcing If true, the net incoming and outgoing surface freshwater fluxes are combined before being applied, instead of being applied separately. bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::find_starting_tke (htot, h_CA, fluxes, Conv_En, cTKE, dKE_FC, dKE_CA, TKE, TKE_river, Idecay_len_TKE, cMKE, dt, Idt_diag, j, ksort, G, GV, US, CS) find_starting_tke htot htot h_CA h_CA fluxes fluxes Conv_En Conv_En cTKE cTKE dKE_FC dKE_FC dKE_CA dKE_CA TKE TKE TKE_river TKE_river Idecay_len_TKE Idecay_len_TKE cMKE cMKE dt dt Idt_diag Idt_diag j j ksort ksort G G GV GV US US CS CS This subroutine determines the TKE available at the depth of free convection to drive mechanical entrainment. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. us A dimensional unit scaling type htot The accumulated mixed layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2] h_ca The mixed layer depth after convective adjustment [H ~> m or kg m-2]. fluxes A structure containing pointers to any possible forcing fields. Unused fields have NULL ptrs. conv_en The buoyant turbulent kinetic energy source due to free convection [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. dke_fc The vertically integrated change in kinetic energy due to free convection [Z L2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. ctke The buoyant turbulent kinetic energy dke_ca The vertically integrated change in tke The turbulent kinetic energy available for mixing over a time step [Z m2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. idecay_len_tke The inverse of the vertical decay scale for TKE [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1]. tke_river The source of turbulent kinetic energy available for driving mixing at river mouths [Z L2 T-3 ~> m3 s-3]. cmke Coefficients of HpE and HpE^2 in calculating the denominator of MKE_rate, [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1] and [H-2 ~> m-2 or m4 kg-2]. dt The time step [T ~> s]. idt_diag The inverse of the accumulated diagnostic time interval [T-1 ~> s-1]. j The j-index to work on. ksort The density-sorted k-indicies. cs The control structure for this module. bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::mechanical_entrainment (h, d_eb, htot, Ttot, Stot, uhtot, vhtot, R0_tot, Rcv_tot, u, v, T, S, R0, Rcv, eps, dR0_dT, dRcv_dT, cMKE, Idt_diag, nsw, Pen_SW_bnd, opacity_band, TKE, Idecay_len_TKE, j, ksort, G, GV, US, CS) mechanical_entrainment h h d_eb d_eb htot htot Ttot Ttot Stot Stot uhtot uhtot vhtot vhtot R0_tot R0_tot Rcv_tot Rcv_tot u u v v T T S S R0 R0 Rcv Rcv eps eps dR0_dT dR0_dT dRcv_dT dRcv_dT cMKE cMKE Idt_diag Idt_diag nsw nsw Pen_SW_bnd Pen_SW_bnd opacity_band opacity_band TKE TKE Idecay_len_TKE Idecay_len_TKE j j ksort ksort G G GV GV US US CS CS This subroutine calculates mechanically driven entrainment. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. us A dimensional unit scaling type h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. d_eb The downward increase across a layer in the htot The accumlated mixed layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. ttot The depth integrated mixed layer temperature [degC H ~> degC m or degC kg m-2]. stot The depth integrated mixed layer salinity [ppt H ~> ppt m or ppt kg m-2]. uhtot The depth integrated mixed layer zonal velocity [H L T-1 ~> m2 s-1 or kg m-1 s-1]. vhtot The integrated mixed layer meridional velocity [H L T-1 ~> m2 s-1 or kg m-1 s-1]. r0_tot The integrated mixed layer potential density referenced to 0 pressure [H R ~> kg m-2 or kg2 m-5]. rcv_tot The integrated mixed layer coordinate variable potential density [H R ~> kg m-2 or kg2 m-5]. u Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. v Zonal velocities interpolated to h points [L T-1 ~> m s-1]. t Layer temperatures [degC]. s Layer salinities [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to rcv The coordinate defining potential eps The negligibly small amount of water dr0_dt The partial derivative of R0 with respect to temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. drcv_dt The partial derivative of Rcv with respect to temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. cmke Coefficients of HpE and HpE^2 used in calculating the denominator of MKE_rate; the two elements have differing units of [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1] and [H-2 ~> m-2 or m4 kg-2]. idt_diag The inverse of the accumulated diagnostic time interval [T-1 ~> s-1]. nsw The number of bands of penetrating shortwave radiation. pen_sw_bnd The penetrating shortwave heating at the sea surface in each penetrating band [degC H ~> degC m or degC kg m-2]. opacity_band The opacity in each band of penetrating shortwave radiation [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1]. tke The turbulent kinetic energy available for mixing over a time step [Z m2 T-2 ~> m3 s-2]. idecay_len_tke The vertical TKE decay rate [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1]. j The j-index to work on. ksort The density-sorted k-indicies. cs The control structure for this module. ef4 bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::sort_ml (h, R0, eps, G, GV, CS, ksort) sort_ml h h R0 R0 eps eps G G GV GV CS CS ksort ksort This subroutine generates an array of indices that are sorted by layer density. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. r0 The potential density used to sort the layers [R ~> kg m-3]. eps The (small) thickness that must remain in each layer [H ~> m or kg m-2]. cs The control structure returned by a previous call to mixedlayer_init. ksort The k-index to use in the sort. bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::resort_ml (h, T, S, R0, Rcv, RcvTgt, eps, d_ea, d_eb, ksort, G, GV, CS, dR0_dT, dR0_dS, dRcv_dT, dRcv_dS) resort_ml h h T T S S R0 R0 Rcv Rcv RcvTgt RcvTgt eps eps d_ea d_ea d_eb d_eb ksort ksort G G GV GV CS CS dR0_dT dR0_dT dR0_dS dR0_dS dRcv_dT dRcv_dT dRcv_dS dRcv_dS This subroutine actually moves properties between layers to achieve a resorted state, with all of the resorted water either moved into the correct interior layers or in the top nkmb layers. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Layer 0 is the new mixed layer. t Layer temperatures [degC]. s Layer salinities [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to surface pressure [R ~> kg m-3]. rcv The coordinate defining potential density [R ~> kg m-3]. rcvtgt The target value of Rcv for each layer [R ~> kg m-3]. eps The (small) thickness that must remain in each layer [H ~> m or kg m-2]. d_ea The upward increase across a layer in the entrainment from above [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive d_ea goes with layer thickness increases. d_eb The downward increase across a layer in the entrainment from below [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive values go with mass gain by a layer. ksort The density-sorted k-indicies. cs The control structure for this module. dr0_dt The partial derivative of potential density referenced to the surface with potential temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. dr0_ds The partial derivative of cpotential density referenced to the surface with salinity, [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. drcv_dt The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with potential temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. drcv_ds The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with salinity, [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::mixedlayer_detrain_2 (h, T, S, R0, Rcv, RcvTgt, dt, dt_diag, d_ea, j, G, GV, US, CS, dR0_dT, dR0_dS, dRcv_dT, dRcv_dS, max_BL_det) mixedlayer_detrain_2 h h T T S S R0 R0 Rcv Rcv RcvTgt RcvTgt dt dt dt_diag dt_diag d_ea d_ea j j G G GV GV US US CS CS dR0_dT dR0_dT dR0_dS dR0_dS dRcv_dT dRcv_dT dRcv_dS dRcv_dS max_BL_det max_BL_det This subroutine moves any water left in the former mixed layers into the two buffer layers and may also move buffer layer water into the interior isopycnal layers. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Layer 0 is the new mixed layer. t Potential temperature [degC]. s Salinity [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to surface pressure [R ~> kg m-3]. rcv The coordinate defining potential density [R ~> kg m-3]. rcvtgt The target value of Rcv for each layer [R ~> kg m-3]. dt Time increment [T ~> s]. dt_diag The diagnostic time step [T ~> s]. d_ea The upward increase across a layer in the entrainment from above [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive d_ea goes with layer thickness increases. j The meridional row to work on. us A dimensional unit scaling type cs The control structure returned by a previous call to mixedlayer_init. dr0_dt The partial derivative of potential density referenced to the surface with potential temperature, [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. dr0_ds The partial derivative of cpotential density referenced to the surface with salinity [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. drcv_dt The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with potential temperature, [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. drcv_ds The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with salinity [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. max_bl_det If non-negative, the maximum detrainment permitted from the buffer layers [H ~> m or kg m-2]. mom_error_handler::mom_error bulkmixedlayer subroutine subroutine mom_bulk_mixed_layer::mixedlayer_detrain_1 (h, T, S, R0, Rcv, RcvTgt, dt, dt_diag, d_ea, d_eb, j, G, GV, US, CS, dRcv_dT, dRcv_dS, max_BL_det) mixedlayer_detrain_1 h h T T S S R0 R0 Rcv Rcv RcvTgt RcvTgt dt dt dt_diag dt_diag d_ea d_ea d_eb d_eb j j G G GV GV US US CS CS dRcv_dT dRcv_dT dRcv_dS dRcv_dS max_BL_det max_BL_det This subroutine moves any water left in the former mixed layers into the single buffer layers and may also move buffer layer water into the interior isopycnal layers. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. h Layer thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Layer 0 is the new mixed layer. t Potential temperature [degC]. s Salinity [ppt]. r0 Potential density referenced to surface pressure [R ~> kg m-3]. rcv The coordinate defining potential density [R ~> kg m-3]. rcvtgt The target value of Rcv for each layer [R ~> kg m-3]. dt Time increment [T ~> s]. dt_diag The accumulated time interval for diagnostics [T ~> s]. d_ea The upward increase across a layer in the entrainment from above [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive d_ea goes with layer thickness increases. d_eb The downward increase across a layer in the entrainment from below [H ~> m or kg m-2]. Positive values go with mass gain by a layer. j The meridional row to work on. us A dimensional unit scaling type cs The control structure returned by a previous call to mixedlayer_init. drcv_dt The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with potential temperature [R degC-1 ~> kg m-3 degC-1]. drcv_ds The partial derivative of coordinate defining potential density with salinity [R ppt-1 ~> kg m-3 ppt-1]. max_bl_det If non-negative, the maximum detrainment permitted from the buffer layers [H ~> m or kg m-2]. mom_error_handler::mom_error bulkmixedlayer subroutine, public subroutine, public mom_bulk_mixed_layer::bulkmixedlayer_init (Time, G, GV, US, param_file, diag, CS) bulkmixedlayer_init Time Time G G GV GV US US param_file param_file diag diag CS CS This subroutine initializes the MOM bulk mixed layer module. time The model's clock with the current time. g The ocean's grid structure. gv The ocean's vertical grid structure. us A dimensional unit scaling type param_file A structure to parse for run-time parameters. diag A structure that is used to regulate diagnostic output. cs A pointer that is set to point to the control structure for this module. mom_cpu_clock::cpu_clock_id id_clock_adjustment id_clock_conv id_clock_detrain id_clock_eos id_clock_mech id_clock_pass id_clock_resort mom_error_handler::mom_error mom_diabatic_driver::diabatic_driver_init real function real function mom_bulk_mixed_layer::ef4 (Ht, En, I_L, dR_de) ef4 Ht Ht En En I_L I_L dR_de dR_de This subroutine returns an approximation to the integral R = exp(-L*(H+E)) integral(LH to L(H+E)) L/(1-(1+x)exp(-x)) dx. The approximation to the integrand is good to within -2% at x~.3 and +25% at x~3.5, but the exponential deemphasizes the importance of large x. When L=0, EF4 returns E/((Ht+E)*Ht). ht Total thickness [H ~> m or kg m-2]. en Entrainment [H ~> m or kg m-2]. i_l The e-folding scale [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1] dr_de The partial derivative of the result R with E [H-2 ~> m-2 or m4 kg-2]. The integral [H-1 ~> m-1 or m2 kg-1]. mechanical_entrainment Build mixed layer parameterization. By Robert Hallberg, 1997 - 2005. This file contains the subroutine (bulkmixedlayer) that implements a Kraus-Turner-like bulk mixed layer, based on the work of various people, as described in the review paper by Niiler and Kraus (1979), with particular attention to the form proposed by Oberhuber (JPO, 1993, 808-829), with an extension to a refied bulk mixed layer as described in Hallberg (Aha Huliko'a, 2003). The physical processes portrayed in this subroutine include convective adjustment and mixed layer entrainment and detrainment. Penetrating shortwave radiation and an exponential decay of TKE fluxes are also supported by this subroutine. Several constants can alternately be set to give a traditional Kraus-Turner mixed layer scheme, although that is not the preferred option. The physical processes and arguments are described in detail below.